What is tense (काल क्या है)

 Tense(काल):- 

 क्रिया के जिस रुप से क्रिया के होने का समय तथा उसकी पूर्णता या अपूर्णता का बोध हो, उसे काल कहते हैं। 

    There are three types of tense:-

1. Present tense :- there are four type 

a. Present indefinite tense

b. Present continuous tense

c. Present perfect tense

d. Present perfect continuous tense

2. Past tense:-  there are four type

a. Past indefinite tense

b. Past continuous tense

c. Past perfect tense

d. Past perfect continuous tense

3. Future tense:- there are four type

a. Future indefinite tense

b. Future continuous tense

c. future perfect tense

d. Future perfect continuous tense

1.a present indefinite tense :-

Rule :-

Affirmative sentence :-

Subject +s/es +verb ki 1st form +object +other words 

Negative sentence :- 

Subject +do/does +not +verb ki 1st form +object +other words 

Interrogative sentence :-

(A).  Kya subd pehle aane per 

       Do/does +subject +verb ki 1st form +object +other words +?

(B)  question words sentence ke beech me aane per 

Question words +subject +do/does+verb ki 1st form +object +other words +?

Interrogative negative sentence :- 

Asse sentence me subject Ke turant baad not ka peryog karte hai. 

1.b present continuous tense :-

Affirmative sentence :-

Subject +is/am/are+verb ki 1st form me ing +obj +other words 

Negative sentence :-

 Sub +is/am/are+ not + verb ki 1st form me ing +obj +other words 

Interrogative sentence :-

(A)  kya subd sentence me pehle aane per 

     Is/am/are+sub+verb ki 1st form me ing +object +other words +?

(B)  question words sentence ke beech me aane per 

Question words +is/am/are+sub+verb ki 1st form me ing+ obj+other words +?

Interrogative negative sentence me not ka peryog subject Ke turant baad hota hai 

3.a. present perfect tense :-

Affirmative sentence :-

Sub +has/have+verb ki 3rd form +object +other words 

Negative sentence :-

Sub +has/have+not+verb ki 3rd form +object +other words 

Interrogative sentence :-

(A)  kya subd sentence me pehle aane per 

     Has/have+ subject +verb ki 3rd form +object +other words +?

(B)  question words sentence ke beech me aane per 

Question words + has /have +subject +verb ki 3rd form +object +other words +?

Interrogative negative sentence me not ka peryog subject Ke turant baad hota hai. 

4.a. present perfect continuous tense :-

Affirmative sentence :-

Sub +has-been /have been +verb ki 1st form me ing +object +since /for +Time 

Negative sentence :- 

Sub+has been /have been +not+verb ki 1st form me ing +obj+ since /for +time 

Interrogative sentence :-

(A)kya subd sentence me pehle aane per 

 subject +has-been  /havebeen +verb ki 1st form me ing+obj+since/for+time+?

(B)  question words sentence ke beech me aane per 

Question words +hasbeen/have been +sub+verb ki 1st form me ing +obj +since /for +time +?

 2.a  past tense :-

(A) past indefinite tense :- 

Affirmative sentence :-

Subject +verb ki 2nd form +object +other words 

Negative sentence :-

Subject +did +not +verb ki 1st form +object +other words 

Interrogative sentence :-

(a)  kya subd sentence me pehle aane per 

      Did +sub +verb ki 1st form +object +other words +?

(b)  question words sentence ke beech me aane per 

Question words +did +subject +verb ki 1st form +obj +other words +?

Interrogative negative sentence me 'Not' ka peryog subject Ke turant baad hota hai. 

2.b. past continuous tense :-

   Affirmative sentence :-

  Subject +was/were+verb ki 1st form me ing +obj +other words 

Negative sentence :-

Sub +was/were+not+verb ki 1st form me ing+obj+otherwords

Interrogative sentence :-

(A)  kya subd sentence me pehle aane per 

 Was/were+sub+verb ki 1st form me ing+obj+other words +?

(B)  question words sentence ke beech me aane per 

Question words +was/were+sub +verb ki 1st form me ing +obj+other words +?

Interrogative negative sentence me not ka peryog subject Ke turant baad hota hai. 

2.c. past perfect tense :-

Affirmative sentence :- 

Sub +had+verb ki 3rd form +obj +other words 

Negative sentence :-

Sub +had not+verb ki 3rd form +obj+other word 

Interrogative sentence :-

(A) kya subd sentence me pehle aane per 

Had+sub+verb ki 3rd from +obj+other words +?

(B) question words sentence ke beech me aane per 

Question words +had+sub+verb ki 3rd from +obj +other words +?

Interrogative negative sentence me not ka peryog subject Ke turant baad hota hai .

2.4. past perfect continuous tense :-

Affirmative sentence :- 

Sub +hadbeen +verb ki 1st form me ing +obj +since /for+time

3.a.future tense :-

(A)  Future indefinite tense :-

  Affirmative sentence :-

  Sub+will/shall+verb ki 1st form +obj +other words 

Negative sentence :-

Subject +will not /shall not +verb ki 1st form +object +other words 

Interrogative sentence :-

(A)  kya subd sentence me pehle aane per 

 

Will /shall +sub +verb ki 1st form +obj +other words +?

(B)  question words sentence ke beech me aane per 

Question words +will /shall +sub +verb ki 1st form +obj +other words +?

3.b.future continuous tense :-

Affirimative sentence :-

Sub+will be/shall be +verb ki 1st form me ing +obj +other words 

Negative sentence :-  

Sub +will not be /shall not be +verb ki 1st form me ing +obj +other words 

Interrogative sentence :-

(A)  kya subd sentence me pehle aane per 

Will/shall+sub + be +verb ki 1st form me ing +obj +other words +?

(B)  question words sentence ke beech me aane per 

Question words +will /shall +sub +be +verb ki 1st form +object +other words +?

Interrogative negative sentence me not ka peryog subject Ke turant baad hota hai. 

3.c future perfect tense :-

Affirimative sentence :-

Sub +will have /shall have +verb ki 3rd form +obj +other words 

Negative sentence :-

Sub +will not have /shall not have +verb ki 3rd form +obj +other words 

Interrogative sentence :-

(A)  kya subd sentence me pehle aane per 

Will /shall +sub +have +verb ki 3rd form +obj +other words +?

(B)  question words sentence ke beech me aane per 

Question words +will /shall +sub+have+verb ki 3rd form +obj +other words +?

3.d.future perfect continuous tense :-

Affirimative sentence :-

Sub +will have been /shall have been +verb ki1st  form me ing +obj +since /for +time

Negative sentence :-

Sub +will have not been /shall have not been +verb ki 1st form me ing +obj +since /for +time 

Interrogative sentence :-

(A)  kya subd sentence me pehle aane per 

Will have /shall have+sub+been +verb ki 1st form me ing +obj+since/for+time+?

(B) question words sentence ke beech me aane per 

Question words +will have /shall have +sub +been +verb ki 1st form me ing +since /for+time+?

Interrogative negative sentence me not ka peryog subject Ke turant baad hota hai.