bsc 1st year chemistry Syllabus:–
Bsc 1st year chemistry syllabus Pdf download :–
B.Sc. I, Semester!
UNIT-I
Introduction to Indian ancient Chemistry and contribution of Indian Chemists, in context to the holistic development of modern science and technology, should be included under Continuous Evaluation (CIE)
Molecular polarity and Weak Chemical Forces
Resonance and resonance energy, formal charge, Van der Waals forces, ion-dipole forces, dipole-dipole interactions, induced dipole interaction. dipole moment and molecular structure (Diatomic and polyatomic molecules), Percentage ionic character from dipole moment, polarizing power and polarizability. Fajan's rules and consequences of polarization. Hydrogen bonding, van der Waals forces, ion-dipole forces, dipole forces, dipole-dipole interactions, induced dipole interaction. Effects of weak chemical forces, melting and boiling points, solubility, energetics of dissolution process. Lattice energy and Born-Haber cycle, Solvation energy and solubility of ionic solids.
UNIT-II
Simple Bonding theories of Molecules
Atomic orbitals, Aufbau principle, multiple bonding (σ and a bond approach) and bond lengths, the valence bond theory (VBT), Concept of hybridization, hybrid orbitals and molecular geometry, Bent's rule, Valence shell electron pair repulsion theory (VSEPR), shapes of the following simple molecules and ions containing lone pairs and bond pairs of electrons : H₂O, NH3, PCI5, SF6, SF4, CIF3, I-3, CIF-₂SO²-4 and H3O+. Molecular orbital theory (MOT). Molecular orbital diagrams bond orders of homonuclear and heteronuclear diatomic molecules and ions (N₂, O₂, C₂, B₂, F₂, CO, NO and their ions)
UNIT-III
Periodic properties of Atoms (with reference to s & p-block)
Brief discussion, factors affecting and variation trends of following properties in groups and periods. Effective nuclear charge, shielding or screening effect. Slater rules, Atomic and ionic radii. Electronegativity. Pauling's/ Allred Rochow's scales, Ionization enthalpy. Electron gain enthalpy.
UNIT-IV
Recapitulation of basics of Organic Chemistry
Hybridization, bond lengths and bond angles, bond energy, localized and delocalized chemical bonding. Van der Waals interactions, inclusion compounds, Clatherates, Charge transfer complexes, hyperconjugation, Dipole moment: Electronic Displacements: Inductive, electromeric, resonance mesomeric effects and their applications.
UNIT-V
Mechanism of Organic Reactions
Curved arrow notation, drawing electron movements with allows, half-headed and double-headed arrows, homolytic and heterolytic bond fission, Types of reagents- electrophiles and nucleophiles. Types of organic reactions, Energy considerations. Reactive intermediates - Carbocations, carbanions, free radicals, carbenes, arynes and nitrenes (with examples). Assing formal charges onf intermediates and other ionic species. Methods of determination of reaction mechanism (product analysis, intermediates, isotope effects, kinetic and stereocemical studies)
UNIT-VI
Steriochemistry
Concept of isomerism. Types of isomerism; Optical isomerism - elements of symmetry, molecular chirality, enantiomers, stereogenic center, optical activity, properties of enantiomers, chiral and achiral molecules with two stereogenic centers, disasteromers, threo and erythro diastereomers, meso compounds, resolution of enantionmer, inversion, retention and recemization. Relative and absolute configuration, sequence rules, D & L and R & S systems of nomenclature. Geometric isomerism - determination of configuration of geometric isomers, E & Z system of nomenclature, geometric isomerism in oximes and alicyclic compounds. Conformational isomerism conformational analysis of ethane and n-butane; conformations of cyclohexane, axial and equatorial bonds, conformation of mono substituted cyclohexane derivatives, Newman projection and Sawhorse formulae, Fischer and flying wedge formulae, Difference between configuration and conformation.
UNIT-VII
Basic Computer system (in brief)
Hardware and Software: Input devices. Storage devices, Output devices, Central Processing Unit (Control Unit and Arithmetic Logic Unit); Number system (Binary. Octal and Hexadecimal Operating System): Computer Codes (BCD and ASCII): Numeric/ String constants and variables. Operating Systems (DOS, WINDOWS, and Linux); Introduction of Software languages: Low level and High Level languages (QBASIC, FORTRAN and C ++1 Software Products (Office, chemsketch, scilab, matlab, hyperchem, etc.), internet application.
UNIT-VIII
Mathematical Concepts for Chemistry
Logarithmic relations, curve sketching. linear graphs and calculation of slopes, differentiation of functions like Kx, e ^ x X ^ n sin x log(x) maxima and minima, partial differentiation and reciprocity relations, Integration of some useful/relevant functions; permutations and combinations, Factorials, Probability.
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